When you think of Egypt, the Pyramids of Giza are likely the first thing that comes to mind. But beyong the pyramids, Egypt has many historical sites in Cairo that offer a deeper look into its rich heritage. From ancient mosques to medieval fortresses and bustling bazaars, Cairo offers endless things to do beyond the famous pyramids.
Here’s a guide to 7 historical places in Cairo that you can explore—no pyramids required!
1. Bayt Al-Suhaymi
This 17th-century Ottoman-era house showcases the opulent lifestyle of wealthy families from that period. Located on Al-Muizz Street, it features intricate wooden mashrabiyas, decorated ceilings, and tranquil courtyards.
Fun Fact: The house takes its name from its last owner, Al-Suhaymi, before it became a museum.
2. The Gayer-Anderson Museum
Major Gayer-Anderson restored this 17th-century house in the 1930s and filled it with his collection of Islamic art and artifacts. Situated beside the Ibn Tulun Mosque, the museum features rooftop views and mesmerizing mashrabiya screens that cast intricate light patterns.
Don’t Miss: Take your time to explore the artfully decorated rooms, each brimming with stories from the past.
3. The Citadel of Saladin
Saladin built this medieval fortress in the 12th century to protect Cairo from Crusader attacks. Today, the Citadel stands as a symbol of Cairo’s history and offers visitors the chance to explore the Muhammad Ali Mosque, often called the “Alabaster Mosque” for its gleaming white walls.
Don’t Miss: The terrace provides stunning panoramic views of Cairo’s skyline—perfect for photography enthusiasts.
4. The Mosque of Ibn Tulun
Built in the 9th century, the Mosque of Ibn Tulun amazes visitors with its vast open courtyard and spiral minaret. The mosque’s architecture draws inspiration from the Great Mosque of Samarra in Iraq.
Pro Tip: Pair your visit with a stop at the Gayer-Anderson Museum to create a memorable day of discovery.
5. Manial Palace Museum
Prince Mohammed Ali designed this 20th-century palace to blend Ottoman, Moorish, and Persian influences. The palace grounds include lush gardens and rare artifacts from the prince’s personal collection.
Fun Fact: The palace’s elaborate clock tower and hunting lodge provide a fascinating glimpse into royal leisure activities.
6. Al-Muizz Street
Al-Muizz Street offers a walk through Cairo’s Islamic history. This ancient thoroughfare boasts beautifully preserved mosques, madrassas, and other medieval structures. UNESCO recognized it as a World Heritage Site, reflecting Cairo’s identity as “The City of a Thousand Minarets.”
Highlights: Be sure to visit the Al-Hakim Mosque and the Qalawun Complex for a closer look at Islamic architecture.
7. Nilometer on Rhoda Island
The Nilometer, located on Rhoda Island, is an ancient structure used to measure the water level of the Nile River. This historic site played a crucial role in determining Egypt’s taxes, which were based on the annual Nile flood.
Don’t Miss: The Nilometer offers a glimpse into Egypt’s ancient agricultural practices and water management systems.
8. The Hanging Church (Saint Virgin Mary’s Coptic Orthodox Church)
Known for its stunning architecture, the Hanging Church is one of Cairo’s oldest and most important Coptic churches. Built in the 3rd century, it’s called “hanging” because it was constructed above a Roman gatehouse.
Top Tip: The church’s beautiful icons and tranquil interior make it a peaceful retreat in the heart of Cairo.
9. Sultan Hassan Mosque
The Sultan Hassan Mosque, built in the 14th century, is a masterpiece of Islamic architecture. Its massive size, intricate decoration, and beautiful courtyard make it one of Cairo’s most impressive mosques.
Don’t Miss: The mosque’s grand entrance and elaborate design showcase the splendor of the Mamluk era.
Why Explore These Historical Sites?
Cairo offers countless things to do beyond the Pyramids. The city is home to a wealth of historical sites that allow visitors to explore Egypt’s ancient past and rich culture. Whether you’re a history lover or a curious traveler, these historical places in Cairo are a must-see for anyone wanting to experience the true essence of Egypt.